Independent buying guides for backyard astronomy

Backyard Astronomy Glossary: 15 Terms Explained

The words that show up in backyard astronomy specs, reviews and how-to guides, explained without jargon.

Aperture
The diameter of a telescope's main lens or mirror. It controls how much light is gathered and how much detail can be seen.
Related: Best Dobsonian Telescopes for Deep-Sky Views (2026)
Barlow lens
An accessory that multiplies an eyepiece's magnification, often by 2x.
Related: Best Barlow Lenses to Boost Your Magnification (2026)
Collimation
Aligning a reflector's mirrors. Poor collimation blurs views at high power.
Related: Best Collimators for Razor-Sharp Optics (2026)
Dobsonian
A reflector on a simple rocker box mount, the classic value choice for visual observing.
Related: Best Dobsonian Telescopes for Deep-Sky Views (2026)
Equatorial mount
A mount aligned with Earth's axis so objects can be tracked with one motion.
Related: Best Equatorial Mounts for Tracking the Sky (2026)
Focal length
The distance light travels to focus. Divide the telescope's focal length by the eyepiece's to get magnification.
Focal ratio
Focal length divided by aperture, like f/5. Low ratios give wider views, high ratios suit planets.
GoTo mount
A computerized mount that finds and tracks objects automatically.
Related: Best GoTo Mounts for Automated Object Finding (2026)
Intervalometer
A remote timer that fires long exposures in sequence for astrophotography and star trails.
Related: Best Intervalometers for Automated Astro Shots (2026)
Light pollution filter
A filter that blocks some artificial light wavelengths to boost contrast on certain nebulae.
Related: Best Light Pollution Filters for City Skies (2026)
Maksutov-Cassegrain
A compact catadioptric telescope with long focal length, good for the Moon and planets.
Related: Best Maksutov Telescopes for Planets and Moon (2026)
Reflector
A telescope that uses mirrors, giving more aperture for the money.
Related: Best Reflector Telescopes for Deep-Sky (2026)
Refractor
A telescope that uses lenses. Low maintenance and sharp, but large apertures are expensive.
Related: Best Refractor Telescopes for Sharp Views (2026)
Seeing
Atmospheric steadiness. On unsteady nights high magnification looks blurry regardless of the telescope.
Solar filter
A certified filter that fits securely over the front of a telescope for safe Sun viewing. Never look at the Sun without one.
Related: Best Solar Filters for Safe Sun Observing (2026)